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Scientific NameAvalithoxus jantjae    (Lujan, 2008)
Common Name
Type LocalityRío Ventuari, above Tencua Falls 58 kilometers east-southeast of San Juan de Manapiare, ca. 5°02'N, 65°36'W, Amazonas, Venezuela.
Synonym(s)Lithoxus jantjae
PronunciationAH vah lith OX uss.
EtymologyAvalithoxus is a portmanteau of the Latin word ava, meaning ‘grandmother’, and the genus name Lithoxus. It refers to both the apparently basal position of this lineage and the matronym of the type species, which honoured Jeanne Lujan, the author's mother. Lorica, Loricare = cuirass of corslet of leather (a suit of armour made of leather).
Hop to next section Species Information
Size38mm or 1.5" SL. Find near, nearer or same sized spp.
IdentificationAvalithoxus can be distinguished from other species of Lithoxini by having 12 branched caudal fin rays (vs. 14 or 13), four branched anal-fin rays (vs. 5), five interdorsal plates (vs. 6 to 9), at most low hemispherical papillae around the oral disc margin (vs. digitate papillae), and a maximum of 25 hypertrophied cheek odontodes (mode, 18; range, 16–25) vs. a maximum of 21 (mode, 12; range, 5–21).

Avalithoxus can be distinguished from other species of Lithoxini by having 12 branched caudal fin rays (vs. 14 or 13), four branched anal-fin rays (vs. 5), five interdorsal plates (vs. 6 to 9), at most low hemispherical papillae around the oral disc margin (vs. digitate papillae), and a maximum of 25 hypertrophied cheek odontodes (mode, 18; range, 16–25) vs. a maximum of 21 (mode, 12; range, 5–21).
Hop to next section Habitat Information
DistributionSouth America
Orinoco, Upper Orinoco, Ventuari (click on these areas to find other species found there)

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IUCN Red List Category
Not Evaluated
Hop to next section Husbandry Information
Breeding ReportsThere is no breeding report.
Hop to next section Further Information
ReferenceNeotropical Ichthyology v. 6 (no. 3), pp 414, Fig. 1.
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ARN ref:1.4.184.2201
Last UpdateSat Dec 25, 2010 10:17 am (Species record created: Thu Jan 01, 1970 1:00 am)